Life Drawing Session 1 (2/10/2013)

Start of Year 2!

Having practised for the life drawing, which was today, I felt that I did quite well. 

With me as the only participant, it took me a little while to get used to the concept of life drawing and sketch the model in numerous poses in under two minutes. But, once I figured out just to make them quick sketches and not detailed ones, as well as just think of the model as a 'model', I slowly become more confident in what I was drawing. 

The lecturer reminded me of a technique I had not used in a while. By putting the end of a pencil to your eye and using the end of it you can determine the figures proportions e.g head, chest, stomach, crotch, legs and ankles. Once done, you then use their head as a measurement for the rest of the body. This technique helped, especially when the model was bent over.

I also learnt that you could use this technique for diagonal and horizontal lines as well since a 'head' is the same length as a figure's shoulder length. Although, it took me a while to get right I feel that I have managed to get a reasonable hand on this technique. If you don't feel that your getting results with just a pencil though you can also use a small folded piece of paper in order to figure out the measurements.  

Afterwards, we then went onto slightly more detailed five minute drawings before doing one big thirty minute portrait. During this second attempt, the model suggested that I keep my arm as straight as possible when figuring out the head measurements. Otherwise, when I bend my arm back to look at it it makes the measurement larger due to looking at it closer. Thus keeping my arm outstretched at all times keeps the measurement the same and doesn't mess up the portrait's perspective.
This image can be seen below.

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Finally we finished on a drawing that was meant to only take forty five minutes, but instead took seventy five. This one was obviously the most detailed of the lot and included shading, smudging and erasing to make the model come to life on the canvas. 

During this time the lecturer advised, that when drawing body hair, I should draw curved lines along the limbs am if they were cylinders in order to make the hair more realistic.
This image can be seen below.

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Overall, I feel that this first session went well, as the three hours went by quickly. I also feel that I have learn't some new techniques that I will be able to use the next time I attempt life drawing. 

I also feel that I will try and use charcoal next time so as to try using a completely different resource, instead of just a pencil. 

Practising Shading (26/9/2013)

Recognising how close it was to the beginning of term, I decided to work on my shading as it has never been my strongest area. Plus, I have always wanted to draw realistically which usually involves a lot of shading for added realism.

Being a big fan of Steampunk and Batman, I discovered that a comic named 'Gotham by Gaslight' existed that introduced a goggle wearing Batman and was set in the 19th century (1899). Therefore, loving his design I decided to draw him using the 3D character model from the 'Batman: Gotham by Gaslight' game that was sadly cancelled.
He took about an hour, maybe an hour and a half to draw.
I'm glad I decided not to make his outfit completely black, as I feel the amount of shading I used helps convey that darkness without detracting from the finer details. Thus why I didn't include much shading around his exposed face.
Perhaps because of my love for Steampunk, I noticed after completing the drawing, that the materiel looks very shiny, almost metallic.This further shows in his reflective lenses which I am quite please with as I used references online to get them just right.

I then heard that my friend Mali was asking his friends for commissions for portraits of him to be drawn as if he was apart of existing franchises. Therefore, wanting to help a friend and continue practicing my art, I decided to help by choosing to draw him as a 'Hunger Games' tribute.

First of all I decided to take some pictures of myself in order to have a point of reference for the perspective.
Originally I wanted to draw him from the victim's perspective with one of his hands reaching towards them and the other readying a knife.
It was just as well as I tried this one first as, although I really wanted to draw this shot, I unfortunately didn't have either the confidence or skill to draw this rather tricky perspective and therefore tried another. 

For the second pose, I went for an easier to accomplish close up shot of his hand holding his knife with him looking down at his victim. I felt this pose to be better as, although not as engaging as the other one, the impact would still be there, especially if I were to include a hand reaching out from underneath as if to defend from the fatal blow.  

When it came to drawing the image, I found that by trying to include his head, arm and knife I wasn't able to include the victim's hand. However, I found this to be for the better as, not only did this provide a better close up, but it also allowed me to give him emotion. 
I decided to have him face the viewer and made him look as if he had just lost it in the games e.g. spent days awake and therefore killing just became another chore for him. Thus I was trying to make his eyes look cold and dead inside, thus providing some sort of sympathy. However, my folks thought he looked more like a maniac. Though I suppose that may have been a subconscious thing from me as Mali tends to stick to rather crazy characters in the 'Dungeons and Dragons' games we play. 
It took about two hours to complete and includes not only shading for his darker skin tone and body hair, but also for his fuzzy hair and reflective knife. I would have loved to have something reflect on the knife, but alas my skills aren't that good yet and I didn't want to ruin what I already had achieved.
The "May the odds be ever in your favor" in the background was added to further establish that he is a tribute in the 'Hunger Games'.

Overall, I am very pleased with my drawings and especially the shading. Therefore, I am looking forward to building on these newly learned skills when I return to university. I can only hope that one day I will master realistic beings and proportions.   

Also on a side note, my friend Mali thought the picture was "Brilliant" and thus now his new Facebook cover photo. Therefore I must be doing something right afterall, or is he just being kind? ;) 

Harvard Referencing: 

• https://forums.station.sony.com/dcuo/index.php?threads/dlc7-new-gear-styles.9481/page-12 

Practising Life Drawing (23/9/2013)

Having received an email detailing that I will be taking part in life drawing when I return to university, I decided to practice. Therefore, I searched for a suitable model online and drew them in order to gain some confidence in drawing the naked human form. I also wanted to practice shading as, I still feel this to be my weakest area.

As you can see below my image is reasonably close to the original pose, considering I decided to draw it free hand i.e. without using the skeleton technique, as I usually do.
I used a number of techniques during this piece including shading which is evident, missing lines to show her bone and muscle and finally, erasing areas in her hair to give it a parting. 

Having shown my work to a friend and discussed it with them, I realised that I had unintentionally drawn her heavier whilst trying to make her look more realistic as oppose to my usual cartoon style. But, by also trying to get her entire self in the frame and her curves correct, I had also made her right arm far thicker than it should have been.
However, I feel this works for the better as, not only does this show off my individual style, but my drawing also shares similarities to the works of Botticelii and Gauguin as they drew their women more voluptuous and curvier as you can see below. 

Looking at the pose I chose as well as the works above, I now realise that I need to focus on not only perspective, but also the positioning of the human body and understand how the different positions off arms and legs can affect the curves, size and position of, for example the hips and breasts. 

Harvard Referencing:

• http://www.meetup.com/Holborn-Life-Drawing/events/49504212/
• http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/botticelli/
• http://daily-norm.com/2012/11/29/norms-do-gauguin/

Handing in work (19/3/2013)

Today I handed in my work which included my memory stick and sketch books before carrying on with other work which mainly involved editing and getting my blogs up to date.

Preparing for my deadline (12/3/2013)

For this session I decided to update my blogs making sure the spelling and Harvard Referencing were correct before doing the following.

• Used the 'Analysis of art' sheet in order to know which techniques and styles I could write about in my 500 word evaluation. I also found our during this time I could compare my work to more than one artist which is fantastic as I believe my work closely resembles Shigenori Soejima's and Georges Remi's art.
• Looked back over the work I had done over the year and made sure to include images of all the other digital drawing applications I had used over the year. 

Side notes and finishing my art (5/3/2013)

Side notes:

At the start of the session our lecturer reminded us of our art deadline and that we needed to include a 500 word essay with it that we should focus on next week after completing our art this week. This was very useful to hear as I had totally forgotten about the 500 words.

As for the 500 words themselves, they can be based on any previous artists I have talked about including my favourite artist Shigenori Soejima. 

I will also need to provide evidence of all the different programs and resources I have used over the module in order to create different pieces of art. This includes Photoshop and Ipads.  

Finishing my art:

Environment:

Taking note of my previous points from last time, I cleaned up my work by removing any awkward lines and added colour where necessary. In this way I was able to complete both my environment and my object which you can see below. 

The bottom left image is the environment piece that I plan to hand in for my final assessment. Whereas the one at the bottom right is the image without the dark transparent layer over it. Thus you can see the contrast of the scene between night and day. 

Overall I am very pleased with my environment as I have never completely coloured an environment before and therefore I feel good about what I have done.

I believe I was able to make a convincing city street that appears lived in thanks to the lights and smoke I used. This was due to me adding some great shading and lighting to the scene which helped give it atmosphere. 

Even though the white lines in the background were an accident they turned out to benefit the final piece as they help the eyes tell which things are in the background and what are in the foreground.

If I could change anything I would add some textures and details to the buildings as so far they only appear painted and not made of materials such as brick. Also the background overshadowed by the darkness could have had a lot more detail added to it and even though the drawing is not meant to be entirely in proportion due to the genre of the game the environment is based, on I still feel that the air vent on the roof in the foreground should have been tilted slightly.

Object:

With the hammer I added further shading especially on the 'face' in order to make the object appear more three dimensional. I also shaded the eyes and made them glow in order to make the 'face' more menacing and more veins were added to make it look life like. By adding light green to the slime I was able to make it stand out more and look as if its puddle was lying on some sort of surface. 
Unhappy with the wooding handle merely being one colour, I decided to add lines to it in order to bring out a texture that you can see below.

Coming to the conclusion that these lines didn't  look good I decided to remove them for my final image and keep the wooded handle as it was originally.

Overall I am really happy with my final object as since I used a lot of soft sprays to colour the face they have left a sort of aura around it, thus giving the Cthulhu hammer an unintentional but great atmosphere. I also feel that I was able to make the object look three dimensional which is something I usually struggle with and therefore I am pleased I could accomplish this.     

If I were to go back over this I would make the eyes more detailed and Cthulhu like as so far they look too simple compared to the rest of the image. Though saying this they would suit an action adventure game which the object is meant to be for.
I would also have liked to add at least something to the wood other than shading in order to make it stand out more e.g. a realistic wood grain.

Working on my environment 2 (28/2/2013)

Going into college to crack on with some work I decided to tackle my environment again. 

First of all I focused on recolouring some of the buildings as looking back over them I felt that the ones closer to the foreground needed to be darker in order to show a better contrast when compared to the buildings in the background.
I also recognised that I couldn't tell what cultural style the back two buildings were meant to be, and on further inspection noticed that the other two were a mix of cultures as well. Therefore I decided that since the buildings are meant to be in a city full of contrasting cultures that I would use the colour scheme that would suit the scene and not necessarily the architectures' origin and design.

I then went on to removing the text on the screen and finding a picture of a mountain surface which I used as a means to create an effective looking backdrop. I was able to do this by tracing over the orignal picture before filling it in with that picture's original colour and then tweaking it where necessary (especially since the fill bucket ended up filling in previously blank areas by accident, thus I had to paint over those individually).
You can see the before and after below.

With the basic colours now complete, I decided to work on the light and shad of my environment. I added a glow to the windows and lights and made the alleys in between the buildings darker. I redid the Christmas lights again as I didn't make them glow nearly enough originally before adding a transparent black layer over the whole environment. With only the glows on top of this filter the enviroment appears lit up.
I even added smoke coming out of the chimney in order to give that building and the street more of a 'lived in' feel.

Overall I am really pleased with my work today as not only have I finished colouring in my piece, but I was also able to light it appropriately. This really shows when you look at the last two screenshots back to back as you could say that these are pictures taken in order to show the city during day and night.
I may go back to this again before the final deadline once I have had feedback from others.
Even though it now looks a lot darker than my usual preference for bright colours in my images, I feel that the colours I have used are still bright enough to keep my action/adventure game genre and atmosphere intact.  

Graphite and Ipad Drawings (26/2/2013)

Graphite Hand:

At the start of this session we all drew a box that we then shaded completely in Graphite Stick.

We then drew on transparent picture frames with one hand under the frame in order to trace that hand. We then put detail on the trace before using the picture frame as a reference to draw in the box. 

Once we had drawn our hands we added shading or rubbed out areas in order to show the contrast between light and dark and to make the drawing look three dimensional.

From doing the above I found out that I perhaps needed to draw more lightly as at the moment I draw very heavy/dark 'cartoon' lines which my lecturer did warn us about, as the task required different stick pressures. However, as cartoon and anime drawings are my style of art I struggled to break out of this habit and as a result most of my lines are darker than they should be. Therefore in the future I hope to break out of this habit in order to achieve more realistic drawings. 

I also recognise that I was unsure of what details to include in the picture or how to draw them. Therefore I feel that I rushed my piece at times and therefore hope to slow down in my next task.

Overall, I believe this task was not only to help us get better at drawing realistically, but also get us to use other methods in order to accomplish sketches and to encourage us to think about the finer details you can put into your work.

Ipad quick sketches:

Being reminded that we should also use other methods in order to create art I decided to use an Ipad in order to do some rough sketches. I had fun doing so, however I was only able to use one of the thicker pens and therefore this made it harder to draw accurate lines and fill small areas.

My first sketch was just a very quick and silly sketch of a Megaman type character. I could imagine seeing this hero in perhaps a children's book due the bright and explosive colours I used (which looking over it again reminds me of a 'Maisy the Mouse' book).  

I then went onto trying to draw the main hero from Persona 4 from memory (which turned out as well as you would expect) using layers and different coloured opacities in order to get the auras around the card and the character right. I used white lines in order to show the creases and layers of his jacket, but I don't think this is clear enough. He is also too cartoony and not nearly anime enough, I know, however trying to draw that style on an Ipad is very difficult and therefore I went with a more simplistic style.   

Lecturer's Painting: 

On a side note, the lecturer also showed us his painting of houses on a street. The colours he used helped to make the buildings look welcoming and the sky warm. Most importantly he was able to give it depth and make it look three dimensional. Therefore I went back to look over it again during my break and hope to be able to recreate such a atmosphere for my own current environment project.

Referencing: 

• Soejima, S (Unknown) Hero from Persona 4 [Online image]. Available at: https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJK2Bz7GODFhKjo5-KiIb-Z5aCVFkv_VOJ90G-eXBdkEWy0cLn9Xa9H0Q6s_npEYAKXtI9s0cKwXgwjAQzbHGmLorUAieHQwjdfA-XxIu_tud1btep4ZG2qwqDG_CwijFpBppIIuH6TZgj/s640/p4a1.JPG (Accessed: 26/2/2013).

Freehand drawing (23/2/2013)

After working on some freehand drawing for my Theory session I decided to continue to do some more over the holiday. My second attempt as seen below underneath the orignal I feel didn't turn out as well sadly as I decided to use no reference images and even though I was keen to draw didn't know what to sketch. Therefore what I did do ended up being a mixed quality as even though my ideas were they perhaps my perspective and certain design choices weren't.

Working on my environment (19/2/2013)

Using the college computers during reading week I continued to work on my environment.
Throughout my work I also made sure to remove any lines from my original piece that I had either forgotten to remove or had drawn by mistake, thus making the final environment look cleaner and professional. 
You can see the process I got through during the day below.

I used gradients to make the Chinese Lanterns look as if they were glowing. Eventually I plan to add a soft glow around them to confirm they are lights as I did with the Christmas lights.
I then continued to colour in the rest of the floor level of my environment which included the road, pavement, welcome mat, trash can and all its mess.

I then started to choose a colour palette that would best suit an up close building and one meant to be of Chinese design. Therefore, having looked online for reference images I choose to use dark red for its walls and dark green for its roof.
I was able to paint the stain glass window using colours that had their opacity reduced to 50%.

I then experimented with whether to include a background in the scene yet or not, but after finding that it distracted me too much and covered areas I hadn't painted yet I decided to remove it for now.

Recognising that my Christmas lights had gone missing for some reason I made sure to go back to one of my previous back up saves and copy those lights into my scene.
I then decided to colour in the background building furthest away. By doing this I could then compare its light colour scheme to the dark colour scheme in order to come up with the right medium colours for the centre building.
I feel that by doing the above I was able to make the building furthest away look more 'face like' as the use of white and blue for the windows make for good eyes and the colours for the brick work are similar to skin tones.
I also decided to colour in the monster's shadow, slime, gnome, cactus plant, the valve on the roof vent, TV antenna and the top of the water tower during this phase.

Overall I feel that I have done a good day's work. However, I am not 100% sure on the colours I have used for my foreground building as it looks too similar to the closest background building. Even though I intended for the foreground building to be of Mexican design I realise that I may have used the wrong type of window as it looks more Chinese in design. Therefore I looked online to research what Mexican buildings did look like again and noticed that their colour schemes are usually lighter colours such as pink, blue, yellow and/or orange. Therefore I may come back another day and re-colour the foreground building in order for it to not look too much like the Chinese type building I painted already.
I also plan on looking at my background lines as since I reduced the contrast of them they seem quite hard to see. So, I will try and make them clearer for next time although I may not want this as it may once again ruin the perspective of the scene.

Further Art Presentations (11/2/2013)

At the start of this session we watched the remaining presentations of the group.

Afterwards I started to work on my final environment. You can see the process below.

Raising the contrast on the original image I was able to make the lines stand out more. I then started to separate each area of the fore ground building and paint it.
I decided to go with bright colours so as to show a contrast to the otherwise dark underground setting the city is in. Hopefully by including the sources of light later on I will be able to show this more clearly in my final piece.
This I decided to make a start on with the glow I gave the Christmas lights around the water tower.  

I almost forgot that I wanted to reduce the background's contrast in order to make the foreground stand out so I went back and did this before continuing.
Bonnie then advised me to make the front part of the background darker in colour to show the distance of the buildings further away. This is a good idea as the further away something is then the less detailed and colourful it appears. Therefore I made a mental note on this by including the words 'dark colours' and 'light colours' in the areas that would need them most.

Art Presentation (5/2/2013)

For this session I had to present a power point presentation based on the work that would go towards my final art project. Overall I feel that it went very well as not only did I feel confident while talking about it, but others also picked up on this.
After my presentation I was given the following comments and advice from both my peers and my lecturer.

• Really well presented and eye catching. Also liked how I annotated it clearly. 
• Great use of progress and effort I put into the final piece e.g. the stages I went through in order to figure out what the character would wear, outfit designs, faces and even how to drape the clothes correctly.  
• Gave good examples of techniques used e.g. lost and found line on the nose. 
• As I hoped, the character was well received and people recognised her as a calm, passive person especially, since I put her into a position one could compare with a praying mantis. They also felt that the eyes were good as they look directly at the audience and therefore this adds to both how relaxed she is and in some ways makes her mysterious. This is something new to me as when drawing her eyes I never thought about this. Therefore I am glad that people interpreted my work this way.   
• As I recognised before the presentation the feet could have been a lot bigger, although the lecturer said in my defence that smaller hands and feet could easily fit into the style of an action adventure genre as the style for such games includes disproportionate hands and feet.

BUT...

• Could have talked more about my environments in terms of their purpose in my imaginary game and why the player visits them.

Below is the assessment sheet that evaluated my presentation and my overall score of 66 which is fantastic considering I am at university level. My lecturer said that because it was a High 2.1 and close to getting a First that I should next time become more confident with my lines. Unsure of what this meant he explained that so far my drawing lines look a bit crooked and therefore need to be more rounded. Thus more confident.

The rest of the session was then spent watching the others presentations and reviewing their fantastic work. 

Genre Artwork 4 (29/1/2013)

Before I started to colour in my final character sketch our lecturer wanted to talk to us about grading for the module.

Grading works as following in Art: 

• Distinction (70-100).
• High Pass (60-69).
• Medium Pass (50-59).
• Low Pass (40-49).
• Fail (0-39).

In groups we analysed what we thought were the five key things we needed to present in our final work.
After doing so our lecturer then told us his five important things that you can see below.

1. Work.
2. Research. 
3. Analysis and Synthesis: Development. 
4. Presentation.    
5. Taught ideas and Skills.

The rest of the session was then spent coloring in my character as you can see below.

Wanting to add some shading and make her trousers look more camouflage like I went into college again on Thursday in order to produce the following.

Unhappy with this method in order to produce the pattern for her trousers I then used the advice from my friend Ryan which was to place a camouflage texture on one layer and then draw on an above layer above the camo's lines in order to get an effective pattern. You can see this process followed by the final image below.

Overall I am really pleased with my final piece as although the hands and feet are not 100% in proportion I feel that the colours used are the right balance of light and dark and that making her t-shirt any other colour would distract from the rest of her design. I am also glad that I didn't put any symbols on her t-shirt as that would also have been distracting.    

Genre Artwork 3 (25/1/2013)

Looking over the new character credit card concepts that I drew in order to get a better understanding of what my final piece would look like, I decided to draw two final pieces and then pick the best one from the two.
You can see the credit card concepts again below:

I decided to go with pose 1 and 6 as the first one had a good stance and therefore I felt would look even better extended to include an open leg stance instead of a boring straight one. Also I chose number 6 for its originality as I haven't seen too many female characters in this position before, although I recognise that her upper body needed to be in proportion to her lower body.  

Spending quite a few hours on both pieces was necessary in the end as not only was I drawing A4 versions that required more detail than quick credit card sized ones, but I was also drawing a female character and therefore am still practicing their anatomy.

After a lot of erasing and changes I finally came up with the two following pieces. I also decided to scan both of them twice in order to show the rough versions of them before the penned versions.

Looking at the above I could see changes I need to make. Therefore I decided to draw the second image with a longer t-shirt so as it would not only cover most of her trousers, but also make it look like an XXL size. I also went back to my research images and noticed what I was doing wrong with the foot and therefore decided to change it for the penned version. Finally I had forgotten to do the camouflage patterns on her combat trousers and will make sure to include these in the final piece.   

The penned versions came out even better than I had hoped and whereas I notice that I went over some of the lines by accident I know I can rub them out on Photoshop. Sadly, I can see that I messed up the first image's eyes as her pupils look different. Hopefully I will be able to correct these on Photoshop, otherwise I will find it hard to forgive myself for such an error. 

Overall even though I am pleased with coming up with two final sketches I recognise that I still need to work on my characters hands and feet as they are either not in proportion or are too 'spade like' e.g. fingers and toes are the same length.

However, I feel that from drawing a female character for this task not only has my skill at drawing improved, but also my ability to draw women. Therefore I hope this skill increases over time so as I can one day feel completely confident in my work and not worry about mistakes. 

I will also make sure to draw more lightly in the future as even though I only used a 2H pencil the lines came out darker than I had expected. Therefore taken a lot longer to rub out and sadly still showing up in my sketch book.

One to One Lecturer Feedback (22/1/2013)

During this session I spoke with my lecturer in order to find out how I was doing in this module.

Below are bullet points of the notes and advice he gave me:

• Measuring future sketches may help me get the correct proportions for a person e.g. take the size of their head and measure their body with 7 heads.   
• Bleed shading together so as to make my cartoon like lines into realistic lines.
• Use lost and found lines as your eyes fill out the lines.
• Use Z-Brush in order to create my ideas before drawings them. That way I can get the right perspective and shape as I originally tried to do with my space ship.
• Don't bother doing poses for my credit card concepts as they don't really count. However, drawing different poses later on to get an idea of what pose to put the character in is a good thing. 
• Try and experiment with more realistic drawings and try and include shading in future works. Therefore expanding my style and creating more detailed works of art. 
• Try and do hair, clothes and accessories before the credit card concepts as you can then mix and match your ideas. Similar to how I did the space pilot and my recent character with her hair under her hat.
• If I find the time then I should go back and add darker lines to my original environment piece I drew as my lecturer thought the bottom of it was separate to the rest of it, almost like a comic book. Therefore adding the dark lines would give it the correct perspective as the closer something is the more clearer it should be.  

At the moment my lecturer says that I am looking at a 65 grade for my research which is a high mark and a 55 grade for my drawing which is a middle mark. This is because, although my chosen cartoon art style is very good, it does however limit me in a way as the characters seem too flat. Therefore, to gain a higher mark I will need to bring them out a bit more. I will also need to make sure that my final character piece for my current project does look female as my other character sketches looked male by accident. Therefore he showed me an art book that had good examples of how to draw women and said that in drawings they tend to have rounded shoulders, long legs and necks, short arms and wide hips. With this in mind I also asked the advice of my friend Bonnie who is very good at drawing women. She couldn't really explain the process, but she did do a rough sketch in my book on how she draws a clothed female character.

After the above discussion, I started new credit card concepts for my character rather than the skeletal poses I had done before.

You can see these sketches below:

My lecturer also recommended that I look at work by Chris Foss and Daniel Lieske in relation to my drawings to which I did.

Chris Foss does fantastic space crafts that not only look original but also have elements of building designs on them due to their bulkiness and great use of pattern and colour palette. Looking at his work could help me get a better understanding of how to shape my vehicles and buildings rather than the 'Minecraft' look they have at the moment. Maybe one day my work will look something like the example below.

Whereas Daniel Lieske has done some amazing drawings of characters and environments that look cartoon like but well detailed. This is something that I could do with learning in order to turn out more detailed versions of my own style and perhaps something similar to below.

On week 26.

Referencing:

• Foss, C (1981) Nathan [Online image]. Available at: http://cwarden.org/warden/personalPage/graphics/chrisFoss.jpg (Accessed: 22/1/2013).  

• Lieske, D (2010) Welcome to the Wormworld [Online image]. Available at: http://www.wallpaperhi.com/download/view?resolution=1600x1200&file=MTI4MHgxMDI0LzIwMTIwMzE2L2ZhbnRhc3kgY2xvdWRzIHRyZWVzIGRhbmllbCBsaWVza2UgMTI4MHgxMDI0IHdhbGxwYXBlcl93d3cud2FsbHBhcGVyaGkuY29tXzguanBn&name=ZmFudGFzeV9jbG91ZHNfdHJlZXNfZGFuaWVsX2xpZXNrZV8xMjgweDEwMjRfd2FsbHBhcGVy (Accessed: 22/1/2013).